Arnulf I, Count Of Flanders

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• _UID: 8C0CA9566E134B14AC66EE98CF008D0873BF

Notes:

ARNOUL I 918-964, BAUDOUIN III (d 962)

ARNOUL de Flandre, son of BAUDOUIN II "le Chauve" Count of Flanders & his wife ?lfthryth of Wessex ([885/890]-murdered 27 Mar 964, bur Gent, St Pieter). The Genealogica Arnulfi Comitis names (in order) "Arnulfum, fratrem eius Adelulfum" as the two sons of "Balduinus"[103]. "Arnulfus" is named as son of Count Baudouin II in the Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin, which specifies that he succeeded his father in 918 as ARNOUL I "le Grand" Count of Flanders[104]. "Elstrudis comitissa?cum filiis suis Arnulfo et Adelolfo" donated "hereditatem suam Liefsham?in terra Anglorum in Cantia" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "senioris sui Baldwini", by charter dated 11 Sep 918[105]. Count Arnoul I was responsible for a major expansion of Flemish territory to the south. He and his brother joined the expedition of Raoul King of the Franks against the Normans in 925 and captured Eu. Count Arnoul inflicted a heavy defeat on the Normans in 926. In 932, he seized the abbey of St Vaast, as well as Douai in Ostrevant. In 933, after his brother's death, he seized Boulonnais and Ternois and disinherited his nephews. Count Arnoul made an alliance with H?ribert II Comte de Vermandois in 934, which was sealed by his marriage to the latter's daughter[106]. Responding to raids by Guillaume Comte [de Normandie], Count Arnoul invaded Ponthieu and in 939 captured Montreuil from Herluin Comte de Ponthieu, although the county was later recaptured by Comte Guillaume's forces. "Arnulfus?regis?marchysus" restored property to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 8 Jul 941, signed by "?Baldwini filii Arnulfi marchysi, Isaac comitis, Arnulfi filii eius, Theoderici comitis, Wenemari advocati?"[107]. After agreeing to meet Count Guillaume in 942 in order to settle the dispute over Montreuil, Guillaume was murdered, presumably at Count Arnoul's instigation[108]. Count Arnoul was secure in his possession of Montreuil by 949[109]. "Arnulfus Flandrie comes et marchisus" granted use of property "Snellenghem in pago Flandrensi" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for "uxore mea?Adala atque?filio meo Balduino et filia mea Lietgardis" and for deceased "Balduino genitore meo et Elstrudis genetrice mea atque Heeberto filio meo", and returned "in pago Hainau super fluvio Savo villam?Dulciaca", by charter dated 10 Jul 953[110]. After the death of his son in 962, Count Arnoul was obliged to cede Artois, Ostrevant, Ponthieu and Amiens to Lothaire King of the West Franks in order to ensure the latter's support for the succession of Count Arnoul's infant grandson to the county of Flanders[111]. "Arnulfus marchysus" donated property to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 5 May 962, signed by "?Baldwini advocati, Theoderici comitis?"[112]. "Arnulfus?comes" donated "villam Canlin" to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charter dated 17 Jun 962, signed by "?Balduini advocati?"[113]. An undated charter, dated to [962], records the last wishes of "marchysi Arnulfi", noting that "pater meus et mater mea" were buried in the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand[114]. Comte Arnoul was allegedly murdered by Heluin in revenge for the murder of Guillaume I Comte [de Normandie]. The Annales Blandinienses record the death "VI Kal Apr 964" of "Magnus Arnulfus, restaurator huius Blandiniensis coenobii"[115]. A charter dated 2 Jul 964 records the donation by "bone memorie Arnulfus marchysus" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, signed by "Odgaudi qui susceptor traditionis fuit?Ingelberti advocati?"[116].
[m firstly ---. Both R?sch[117] and Europ?ische Stammtafeln[118] state that Count Arnoul had another wife before marrying Adela de Vermandois. No evidence has been found concerning this supposed first marriage. However, as discussed below, the estimated birth date of Arnoul?s supposed daughter Hildegard, as well as his own advanced age when he married Adela de Vermandois, both suggest an earlier marriage. Although logic points to such a first marriage, doubt remains. The genealogical traces of this family are well marked in numerous contemporary sources. It is difficult to imagine that all such sources would have ignored an earlier marriage of Comte Arnoul, who was such a prominent figure in his day.]
m [secondly] (934) ADELA de Vermandois, daughter of HERIBERT [II] Comte de Vermandois [Carolingian] & his wife Adela [Capet] ([915]-[Bruges 10 Oct] 960, bur Gent, St Pieter). The Genealogica Arnulfi Comitis names "Adelam, domni Heriberti comitis filiam" as wife of "comes Arnulfus", specifying that she was "duorum Francorum regum, Odonis atque Rotberti, neptem"[119]. "Adala coniunx Arnulfi" is named in the Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin[120]. The Annales Elnonenses Minores record the marriage [undated between 931 and 949] of "Arnulfus" and "Adelam, filiam Heriberti Vermandorum comitis"[121]. Her marriage was arranged to seal the alliance made in 934 between her father and her future husband[122]. "Arnulfus Flandrie comes et marchisus" granted use of property "Snellenghem in pago Flandrensi" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for "uxore mea?Adala atque?filio meo Balduino et filia mea Lietgardis" and for deceased "Balduino genitore meo et Elstrudis genetrice mea atque Heeberto filio meo", by charter dated 10 Jul 953[123]. "Adhela comitissa" freed two serfs and granted them to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "fidelis nostri Amalrici", by charter dated 8 Sep 954, signed by "Balduini comitis?Odacri advocati"[124]. The Annales Blandinienses record the death in 960 of "Adala comitissa"[125].
Count Arnoul I & his [first] wife had one child:
1. [HILDEGARD ([before 933]-10 Apr 990, bur Egmond). The Annales Egmundani name "Hildegardis comitissa" as wife of "Theodericus comes secundus [Hollandensium]" but do not give her origin[126]. The wife of Count Dirk II was the daughter of Count Arnoul according to R?sch, but the author cites no primary source in support of this assertion[127]. Hildegard's naming her two sons Arnulf and Egbert suggests that the affiliation may be correct. According to Europ?ische Stammtafeln[128], Hildegard was the daughter of Count Arnoul by Adela de Vermandois and was born in [934]. This appears difficult to sustain chronologically if Hildegard's first son was born in [950], although it is not impossible. Assuming that her sister Liutgard was born in 935, there is little time for the birth of an earlier daughter after Count Arnoul's marriage in 934, assuming also that the latter date is correct. This suggests that, if Hildegard was the daughter of Count Arnoul, she was born from an earlier otherwise unrecorded marriage. An alternative parentage is suggested by the Chronologia Johannes de Beke which records that Count Dirk II married "Hildegardim (ut creditor) filiam Ludovici regis Francie"[129]. This is chronologically impossible, assuming that the birth date of Arnoul Count of Holland is correctly estimated as shown in the document HOLLAND. Hildegard daughter of Louis III King of France would have been too old for the marriage and any daughter of Louis IV King of France would have been too young. It is also unlikely that the wife of Count Dirk II was a daughter of Charles III "le Simple" King of France, the birth dates of whose daughters are estimated to [908/16]. There therefore seems no possibility that the Chronologia could even be partially correct in assigning this possible Carolingian French origin to Dirk's wife, although it is curious how this origin came to be included in the source. "Theodericus comes et uxor sua Hildegardis" are named in a charter dated Oct [967/79][130]. "Theoderici et Hildegardis" subscribed a charter dated 30 Sep 975, before "Arnulfi filii eorum [Theoderici et Hildegardis]"[131]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the death "III Id Apr" of "Hildegardis?sua conthoralis" and her burial at Egmond monastery[132]. The Chronologia Johannes de Beke records the death "III Id Apr" of "Hildegardis?sua conthoralis" and her burial at Egmond monastery[133]. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium records the death "IV Id Apr" of "Hildegardis uxor [Theoderici 2 comitis] filia Ludovici regis Francie"[134]. Europ?ische Stammtafeln shows 990 as Hildegarde?s year of death[135], but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified. m ([945/50]) DIRK II Count Holland, son of DIRK I Count of Holland & his wife Geva --- ([930]-Egmond 6 May 988, bur Egmond).]
Count Arnoul I & his [second] wife had four children:
2. LIUTGARD de Flandre ([935]-962, before 18 Oct). Boer and Cordfunke refer to a 938 meeting, between Count Dirk I, Count Meginhard of Hamaland, and Count Arnulf I of Flanders and his wife Adela, to arrange the betrothals of Hildegard of Flanders and Count Dirk II (son of Count Dirk I), and of her sister Liutgard and Wichmann of Hamaland (son of Count Meginhard)[136]. The meeting is alleged to be recorded in the Verbr?derungsbuch der Abtei Reichenau, but no trace of this has been found in the copy consulted[137]. "Arnulfus Flandrie comes et marchisus" granted use of property "Snellenghem in pago Flandrensi" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for "uxore mea?Adala atque?filio meo Balduino et filia mea Lietgardis" and for deceased "Balduino genitore meo et Elstrudis genetrice mea atque Heeberto filio meo", by charter dated 10 Jul 953[138]. This document suggests that Liutgard was not married at the time. "Wicmannus?comes" donated "mei juris villam Thesla" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "coniugis mee defuncte Lietgardis", by charter dated 18 Oct 962, signed by "comitis Arnulfi patris supradicte Lietgardis comitisse, Theoderici comitis?"[139]. The Iohannis de Thilrode Chronicon records the donation dated 962 by "Wicmannus comes?pro remedio anima coniugis mea Lietgardis?Arnulphi marchisi Flandrie patris" of "villam Thessela?Desselbergine" to "monasterio Sancti Petri in Blandino"[140]. The Annales Blandinienses record the deaths in 962 of "Baldwinus, filius Arnulfi marchisi, et soror eius Liutgardis"[141]. m ([after 10 Jul 953]) WICHMANN [V] Graaf van Hamaland, son of --- [Billung] & his wife Gerberga --- ([930]-after 27 Sep 979).
3. BAUDOUIN de Flandres ([935/40]-Abbey of St Bertin 1 Jan 962). His parentage is specified in the Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin[142]. "?Baldwini filii Arnulfi marchysi?" signed the charter dated 8 Jul 941 under which "Arnulfus?regis?marchysus" restored property to Saint-Pierre de Gand[143]. "Arnulfus Flandrie comes et marchisus" granted use of property "Snellenghem in pago Flandrensi" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for "uxore mea?Adala atque?filio meo Balduino et filia mea Lietgardis" and for deceased "Balduino genitore meo et Elstrudis genetrice mea atque Heeberto filio meo", by charter dated 10 Jul 953[144]. He ruled with his father from 958[145] as BAUDOUIN III joint Count of Flanders and Artois, his father granting him the administration of the south of the county[146]. A charter dated to 20 Jan [958/61] records the peace settlement agreed by "Baulduin?Marquis" between the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand and the avou?s of Douchy, although this document is unlikely to be contemporary in the form shown in the compilation as it is written in old French[147]. The Annales Blandinienses record the deaths in 962 of "Baldwinus, filius Arnulfi marchisi, et soror eius Liutgardis"[148]. The Annales Egmundani record the death in 962 of "Baldwinus filius Arnulfi marchisi Flandrensium"[149]. m ([951/59]) as her first husband, MECHTILD of Saxony, daughter of HERMANN Billung Duke in Saxony & his [first/second] wife [Oda ---/Hildesuit ---] ([942]-Gent 25 May 1008, bur Gent St Peter). "Mathilda Saxonici generic" is named as wife of Count Baudouin in the Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin[150]. The Annalista Saxo names (in order) "Bennonis ducis, qui et Bernhardus et Liudigeri comitis et Machtildis comitisse" as brothers and sister of "domna Suanehildis [filia] Herimanni ducis de Liuniburh", recording the names of Mechtild's two husbands[151]. The Genealogica Arnulfi Comitis names "Mathildis, filiam principis Herimanni" as wife of "Balduinum [filius comitis Arnulfi]", specifying that it was hoped the couple would have many children[152]. This suggests that their marriage date may have been some years earlier than 961 considering that the Genealogia was supposedly compiled in [951/59], probably during the earlier part of this date range considering which children of Louis IV King of the West Franks are named in the document[153]. Mechtild married secondly ([963]) Godefroi Comte de Verdun [Wigeriche] (-3/4 Sep after 995, bur Gent St Peter). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Mathildis comitissa Saxonie" as wife of "Godefridi Ardennensis"[154]. The Annales Blandinienses record the death in 1008 of "Mathildis comitissa"[155]. The necrology of L?neburg records the death "25 May" of "Mattild com"[156]. Baudouin III & his wife had one child:
a) ARNOUL de Flandre ([961/62]-30 Mar 987, bur Gent). The Annales Elnonenses Minores record "Arnulfus, filius Balduini ex Matilde"[157] succeeding his grandfather in 964 as ARNOUL II ?le Jeune? Count of Flanders.
- see below.
Baudouin III had one possible illegitimate son by an unknown mistress:
b) [ALBERIC [Albert] ([960/62]-1018). The Gesta Episcoporum Camerancensium name "Azelinus, de Truncinis villa, Balduini Flandrensium comitis de concubina filius", specifying that he was later appointed Bishop of Paris, in the passage recording the succession of "Erluinus" as Bishop of Cambrai (in 995)[158]. Bishop of Paris 1016-1018. According to the Dictionnaire de Biographie Fran?aise[159], "Albert" was provost at Tronchiennes 951-977 but this is chronologically impossible assuming that the entry refers to the same person. If the information about his paternity is correct, Baudouin III is the only count of that name in Flanders who could have been Alberic/Albert?s father. Another possibility is that the chronicle was in error and that he was the illegitimate half-brother of Baudouin IV Count of Flanders, who was count at the time the text was written but who would have been too young to have been Alberic's father.]
4. EGBERT de Flandre (-before 10 Jul 953). "Arnulfus Flandrie comes et marchisus" granted use of property "Snellenghem in pago Flandrensi" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for "uxore mea?Adala atque?filio meo Balduino et filia mea Lietgardis" and for deceased "Balduino genitore meo et Elstrudis genetrice mea atque Heeberto filio meo", by charter dated 10 Jul 953[160]. Egbert?s absence from the charter dated 8 Jul 941, under which "Arnulfus?regis?marchysus" restored property to Saint-Pierre de Gand, signed by "?Baldwini filii Arnulfi marchysi?"[161], suggests that he must have been a younger son.
5. ELSTRUDE de Flandre (-966[162] or after). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "comes Balduinus sororem?Elstrudem" as wife of "Sifridus"[163]. According to the Chronica Monasterii Sancti Bertini, the couple were never married[164]. m ([960/65]) SIEGFRIED Comte de Guines, son of --- (-[965]).

Arnulf married Adela DE VERMANDOIS in 934. Adela (daughter of Heribert II, Count Of Vermandois and Adela Of Neustria) was born in 910; died in 960. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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NOTE MARRIED

1. Baudouin III Count Of FLANDERS was born in 940 in Of, Flandres; died on 1 Nov 962.

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• Name: The Bald
• _UID: 98F0D740005044158B1300C8B3A4C404CD70

Baudouin married Elftrudis Of Wessex. Elftrudis died in 929. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• _UID: 8F1202CDFE2D4BDFBA1E7E8ECC85184D5FB7

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Married:
NOTE MARRIED

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• Name: Iron Hand
• _UID: A32D6A3650124ED597E1EA6A014713DFFBB7

Baldwin married Princess Judith Of The FRANKS. Judith (daughter of Emperor Charles II "The Bald", Holy Roman Empire and Ermentrude (Irmtrud) De ORL?ANS, Countess Of Orleans) was born in 844 in France; died about 875. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• _UID: 6925D62609E7445DBBCEBEDAF389B6D03E76

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• _UID: B4A1641D2C8C46ACA82A83BDF0E1E1ACF076

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ODACRE [Audacer/Odoscer ([800/10]-837). The Genealogia Comitum Flandri? Bertiniana, dated to the second decade of the 12th century, names "Audacrum" as son of "Ingelrannus"[32]. Lambert's Genealogia Comitum Flandri?, also dated to the early 12th century, names "Audacer" as son of "Ingelramnus comitem"[33]. His birth date range is estimated on the basis of the estimated birth date range of his son. The Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin records the death in 837 of "Audacer item saltuarius", naming him third in its list of rulers of Flanders (without the title count), although it does not specify that Enguerrand was his father[34]. It is interesting to note that this list makes no mention of who ruled Flanders between the death of Odacre and the appointment of his son Baudouin as count. The Annales Blandinienses record the death in 836 of "Lidricus comes", specifying that he was buried at "Arlabeka"[35]. As mentioned above, it is unlikely that this entry refers to Lideric, assuming that it is correctly dated, and may be an error for Odacre.] m ---. The name and origin of the wife of Odacre are unknown. Odacre & his wife had [one] child:
i) [BAUDOUIN ([830/37]-Arras 879, bur Abbaye de Saint-Bertin near Saint-Omer).

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• Name: The Bald
• Occupation: King of France, Emperor of The Holy Roman Empire
• _UID: 5F55BA98BC26429D9FD2042F9CE8AE7F1C16

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Alias: The /Bald/, Le Chauve
Charles was the youngest son of Louis I, the Emperor of Germany and the Holy Roman Empire whose territories included France. When Louis died in 840, his three sons fought over how the empire would be divided among them. The empire (which had come from his father Charlemegne) was divided according to the Treaty of Verdun in 843 and Charles received the western part of the empire thus becoming the first to rule France as a separate kingdom.
Charles had many battles on many sides to fight. He was besieged by the constant raiding of the Norsemen (called Normans in France) who he bribed so they would leave. The Bretons revolted against him and even Charles' own half-brothers and their sons fought against him. Louis, "The German", one of Charles' half-brothers, fought him for control of Lotharingia and finally forced Charles to share it. However, Charles was able to outsmart Louis and won control of Italy and the Roman Empire.
When Charles' nephew, Lothair II, died, Louis and Charles seized control of his lands and split it between them in the Treaty of Meersen in 870.
In 875, after the death of another nephew, Emperor Louis II, Charles was crowned Holy Roman Emperor on December 25th by Pope John VIII. A year later, Louis "The German" died and Charles invaded Germany but he was defeated by Louis' son, Louis "The Younger". Charles attacked Italy in 877 but was forced to retreat in order to attend to other rebellions and uprisings. He died on his way home from Italy.

Charles married Ermentrude (Irmtrud) De ORL?ANS, Countess Of Orleans on 13 Dec 842 in Crecy, France. Ermentrude (daughter of Eudes DE ORLEANS, Count Of Orleans and Orleans/ Ingeltrude DE PARIS, Countess Of Orleans) was born on 27 Sep 830 in Orl?ans, Loiret, France; died on 6 Oct 869 in Aude, Languedoc-Roussillon, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• Occupation: Countess of Orleans
• _UID: BCC6587272104CDABF8EC5C718502DC52768

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Countess of Orleans