King James I STEWART, of Scotland

Other Events:

• Clan: ; Clan of Stewart
• FamilySearch ID: LZ6T-WZ8
• Name: James STEWART
• MilitaryService: Between 1406 and 1424; imprisoned in the Tower of London for 18 years.
• JAMES CAPTURED BY THE ENGLISH: 22 Mar 1406, English Channel, At Sea; Wanting him out of reach of his brother Robert, Duke of Albany, King Robert III sent his only remaining son James to safety in France, Unfortunately James was intercepted by the English and taken hostage by King Henry IV.
• TitleOfNobility: 1424; Knighthood
• Coronation: 24 May 1424, Scone, Perthshire, Scotland; King of Scotland
• Occupation: 1426, Midlothian, Scotland; Governor / Keeper of Edinburgh Castle
• Occupation: Bef Apr 1435; Master of the King's Household - James I of Scotland
• MilitaryService: 21 Feb 1437, Perthshire, Scotland; murdered by his uncle Walter, Earl of Athol, at Friars Preachers Monastery

Notes:

James I Stewart, King of Scotland was born on 25 July 1394 at Dunfermline Palace, Dunfermline, Fife, ScotlandG.1 He was the son of Robert III Stewart, King of Scotland and Annabel Drummond.2 He married Lady Joan Beaufort, daughter of John de Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset and Lady Margaret de Holand, on 2 February 1423/24 at Priory Church, St. Mary Overy, Southwark, London, EnglandG.1 He died on 21 February 1436/37 at age 42 at Monastry of the Friars Preachers, Perth, Perthshire, ScotlandG, murdered by his uncle, Walter Stuart, Earl of Atholl.3 He was buried at Perth, Perthshire, ScotlandG.3
He was created Earl of Carrick on 10 December 1404, although never designated as such.1 He was created Duke of Rothesay on 10 December 1404, although never designated as such.1 In 1406 he was taken prisoner by the English while sailing to France shortly before the death of his father. He was held for ransom, mainly in the Tower of London, until 5 April 1424. During his exile, Scotland has been governened by his uncle Robert, the Duke of Albany until his death (1420) and then by Robert's son, Murdoch. On the 25th May, 1425, James had his revenge when he executed Murdoch and two of his kinsmen outside Stirling Castle. He succeeded as the King James I of Scotland on 4 April 1406.1 He was crowned King of Scotland on 2 May 1424 at Scone Abbey, Scone, Perthshire, ScotlandG.1
Children of James I Stewart, King of Scotland and Lady Joan Beaufort

Margaret Stewart b. c 25 Dec 1424, d. 16 Aug 1444
Isabella Stewart+4 b. bt 1425 - 1427, d. 1494
Mary Stewart, Countess of Buchan5 b. a 1427, d. 20 Mar 1465
Eleanor Stewart b. 26 Oct 1427, d. 20 Nov 1480
Joan Stewart+6 b. c 1428, d. a 16 Oct 1486
Annabella Stewart+4 b. a 1428
James II Stewart, King of Scotland+ b. 16 Oct 1430, d. 3 Aug 1460
Alexander Stewart, Duke of Rothesay b. 16 Oct 1430, d. 1430
Citations

[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 230. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Families.
[S323] Sir James Balfour Paul, The Scots Peerage: founded on Wood's edition of Sir Robert Douglas's The Peerage of Scotland (Edinburgh, Scotland: David Douglas,

Scottish monarch. Son of Robert III and Annabella Drummond. He reigned 1406-1437, though from 1406 til 1424, he was imprisoned by the English. When his father sent him away as a child for his own protection, he was captured by the English and held in the Tower of London for 18 years. During his imprisonment, he fell in love with Joan Beaufort, and the two were married on February 2, 1424 in Southwark. They had 8 children together. James returned to Scotland to find his country in chaos. He was formally crowned on May 21, 1424 at Scone. He took immediate action to regain his authority and control, including executing the Albany family, his fiercest opponents. He ruled with a firm hand, achieving numerous legal and financial reforms, including remodeling the Scottish parliament after its English counterpart, and renewing the Auld Alliance with France. His actions, although very effective, upset many, namely the descendents of his grandfather, Robert II's second marriage (James was descended from the first marriage). Conflict arose between the two factions over who should be on the throne. The problems came to a head when James was murdered by his uncle Walter, Earl of Athol, at Friars Preachers Monastery in Perth. The king was 42. James was a handsome, accomplished man, being a poet, singer, and musician as well as a talented athlete, excelling at shotput and hammer throw.

James Stewart, the Black Knight of Lorn (m. 1439? 1445), James I of Scotland (m. 1424) Spouse of Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scots.

geni.com
James Stewart, I
Also Known As: "James l King of Scotland", "Seumas I Sti?bhairt", "Seumas I mac Roibairt", "Ard Righ Albainn", "Jacobus [Primus]", "Rex Scotiae", "Jacobum regem", "Rey James I de Escocia", "James I of Scotland", ""Black Knight of Lorn"", "King James I of Scotland", "The Black Knight"
Birthdate: July 25, 1394
Birthplace: Dunfermline Palace, Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland
Death: February 21, 1437 (42)
Monastery of the Friars Preachers, Perth, Perthshire, Scotland (Assassinated )
Place of Burial: Perth Abbey, Perth, Perth and Kinross, Scotland
Immediate Family:
Son of Robert III, King of Scots and Annabella Drummond, Queen Consort of Scots
Husband of Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scots
Father of Margaret of Scotland, Dauphine de France; Isabella of Scotland, Duchess of Brittany; Eleanor Stewart; Joan of Scotland, Countess of Morton; Mary Stewart, Countess of Buchan; Alexander Stewart, Duke of Rothesay; James II, king of Scots and Annabella of Scotland ? less
Brother of Margaret Stewart, Lady of Galloway; David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay; Elizabeth Stewart, Princess of Scotland; Mary of Scotland, Countess of Angus; Robert Stewart, Prince of Scotland and 1 other
Half brother of Sir John Stewart, of Blackhall & Ardgowan and James Stewart of Killbride


Occupation: King of Scots, 35th King of Scots, King of Scotland

Scottish monarch. Son of Robert III and Annabella Drummond. He reigned 1406-1437, though from 1406 til 1424, he was king in name only. When his father sent him away as a child for his own protection, he was captured by the English and held in the Tower of London for 18 years. During his imprisonment, he fell in love with Joan Beaufort, and the two were married on February 2, 1424 in Southwark. They had 8 children together. James returned to Scotland to find his country in chaos. He was formally crowned on May 21, 1424 at Scone. He took immediate action to regain his authority and control, including executing the Albany family, his fiercest opponents. He ruled with a firm hand, achieving numerous legal and financial reforms, including remodeling the Scottish parliament after its English counterpart, and renewing the Auld Alliance with France. His actions, although very effective, upset many, namely the descendents of his grandfather, Robert II's second marriage (James was descended from the first marriage). Conflict arose between the two factions over who should be on the throne. The problems came to a head when James was murdered by his uncle Walter, Earl of Athol, at Friars Preachers Monastery in Perth. The king was 42. James was a handsome, accomplished man, being a poet, singer, and musician as well as a talented athlete, excelling at shotput and hammer throw.

James married Joan BEAUFORT, Queen Consort of Scotland on 2 Feb 1424 in St. Mary, Overy, Southwark, Surrey, London, England. Joan (daughter of John DE BEAUFORT, 1st Earl of Somerset and Margaret HOLLAND, Duchess of Clarence) was born on 27 Dec 1407 in Palace of Westminster, Westminster, Middlesex, England; died on 15 Jul 1445 in Dunbar Castle, Dunbar, Haddingtonshire, Scotland; was buried on 22 Nov 1445 in Carthusian Monastery, Perth, Perthshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. Margaret STEWART, Princess Of Scotland, Dauphine of France was born on 24 Dec 1424 in Perth, Perthshire, Scotland; died on 16 Aug 1445 in Chalons, Marne, Champagne-Ardenne, France; was buried in 1445 in Chalons, Marne, Champagne-Ardenne, France.
2. Isabella STEWART, Duchess of Brittany was born on 1 Oct 1426 in Perth, Perthshire, Scotland; died on 13 Oct 1494 in Stirling, Stirlingshire, Scotland; was buried in Oct 1494 in Kilsyth, North Lanarkshire, Scotland.
3. Lady Eleanor STEWART, Princess of Scotland Archduchess Consort of Austria was born on 26 Oct 1427 in Castle Perth, Perthshire, Scotland; died on 20 Nov 1480 in Innsbruck, Innsbruck Stadt, Tirol, Austria; was buried in Nov 1480 in Stams, Imst Bezirk, Tirol, Austria.
4. Joan STEWART was born on 1 Nov 1428 in Holyrood, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; was christened in 1428 in Perth, Perthshire, Scotland; died on 22 Jun 1493 in Dalkeith, Edinburghshire, Scotland, United Kingdom; was buried in Saint Nicholas Buccleuch Churchyard, Dalkeith, Midlothian, Scotland.
5. Mary STEWART, Countess of Buchan was born in 1429 in Castle Perth, Perthshire, Scotland; died on 20 Mar 1465 in Kastel Sandenburch, Veere, Veere, Zeeland, Nederland; was buried in 1465 in Kastel Sandenburch, Veere, Zeeland, Netherlands.
6. Alexander STEWART, Duke of Rothesay was born on 16 Oct 1430 in Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Mid Lothian, Scotland; died on 16 Oct 1430 in Edinburgh Castle, Midlothian, Scotland.
7. King James II STEWART, of Scotland was born on 16 Oct 1430 in Holyrood Palace, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; died on 3 Aug 1460 in Roxburgh Castle, Kelso, Roxburghshire, Scotland; was buried in 1460 in Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Scotland.
8. Lady Annabella Beaufort STEWART, Princess of Scotland was born in 1432 in Holyrood, Midlothian, Scotland; died on 27 Jun 1509 in Roxburgh Castle, Roxburgh, Scotland; was buried in Jul 1509 in Scotland.

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LZ86-T6V
• Name: John Stewart, Earl of Carrick
• Name: Robert STEWART
• Crowned King: 14 Aug 1390, Old Scone, Perthshire, Scotland
• JAMES CAPTURED BY THE ENGLISH: 22 Mar 1406, English Channel, At Sea; Wanting him out of reach of his brother Robert, Duke of Albany, King Robert III sent his only remaining son James to safety in France, Unfortunately James was intercepted by the English and taken hostage by King Henry IV.

Notes:

Name: Born John Stewart, regnal name - Robert III, King of Scots
Father: Robert II, King of Scotland
Mother: Elizabeth Mure

King of Scotts (19 April 1390 ? 4 April 1406)
Earl of Atholl (1367 ? 1390)
Earl of Carrick (1368 ? 5 March 1390)
High Steward of Scotland (c. 1371? 1390)
Guardian of Scotland (1384 ? 1388)

House of: Stewart
Born: 1337
Ascended to the throne: April 19, 1390
Crowned: August 14, 1390 at Scone Abbey, Perthshire
Married: Annabella Drummond, 1366/7
Children: 3 sons and 4 daughters
Died: April 4, 1406, at Dundonald Castle, Ayrshire
Buried at: Paisley Abbey, Renfrewshire
Succeeded by: his son James I

Son of Robert II he was timid, retiring and badly injured following a kick from a horse. He took the name Robert because his name John was considered a bad omen after the hated John Balliol

He told his Queen that he was 'the worst of kings and most miserable of men'. The reign was beset by problems including rivalry between the Highlanders, his brothers and the lords of the isles. His brother Robert Duke of Albany may have been responsible for the death of Robert III's son David.

In 1402 the forces of Henry IV of England invaded the lowlands and following two defeats of the Scots briefly occupied Edinburgh. Robert sent his 10 year old 2nd son James to France in 1406 for safety but he was captured at sea during the journey and taken prisoner by the English. The news of his son's capture was said to have hastened the death of Robert who died shortly afterwards.
Timeline for King Robert III of Scotland
YearEvent
1390Robert III becomes king. He delegates power to his younger brother, the Earl of Fife, later the Duke of Albany
1402English defeat Scots in the Battle of Nesbit Moor and the Battle of Humbleton Hill.
1406Robert is disabled in a riding accident and his eldest son is killed possibly by the Duke of Albany.
1406Robert sends his second son to James to France but he is captured by English near Flamborough Head. James is taken to London, where Henry IV of England confines him in the Tower of London for 18 years.
1406King Robert III dies and James I ascends the throne but is not crowned until 1424 as he is a prisoner of the English.

https://www.britroyals.com/scots.asp?id=robert3

Robert married Annabella DRUMMOND, Queen of Scotland on 13 Mar 1365 in Dispensation, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland. Annabella (daughter of Sir John DRUMMOND and Mary Margaret MONTIFEX, Countess of Lennox) was born on 14 Aug 1350 in Scone, Cargill, Perthshire, Scotland; was christened in 1350 in Drymen, Stirlingshire, Scotland; died in Oct 1401 in Scone Palace, Perthshire, Scotland; was buried in Oct 1401 in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LZPK-KKT
• TitleOfNobility: ; Queen of Scotland
• Name: Annabella DRUMMOND
• Religion: ; Roman Catholic
• Residence: Scottish Monarch
• Political Coup: 1399, Scotland; She organized a palace coup. Made elder son a duke (first in Scotish history) and appoin

Notes:

Anabella Drummond (c. 1350? 1401) was the queen consort of Scotland by marriage to Robert III of Scotland. She was the daughter of Sir John Drummond, of Stobhall, near Perth, 11th Thane of Lennox and Chief of Clan Drummond, and Mary Montifex, eldest daughter and co-heiress of Sir William de Montifex, Justiciar of Scotland. It has been erroneous postulated that her father was the same John Drummond that was a brother to Margaret Drummond, Queen of Scotland but as this does not align with any historical dates, the latter John was probably a close ancestor.
She married John Stewart (the future Robert III of Scotland) in 1367. Soon, she was enveloped in a power struggle with her husband's brother, Robert. Since Anabella and John did have two daughters, but no sons for several years, he was a supporter of a law that would bar women from inheriting the throne.

Queen
Anabella was crowned with Robert at Scone Palace when he came to the throne in 1390. She continued bearing children until she was past forty and had her last child, the future James I of Scotland, in 1394.

King Robert, an invalid since 1384 due to an accident with a horse, grew increasingly despondent and incompetent throughout his reign and was not capable to govern. During this time he is said to have said to her that he should be buried in a dung heap with the epitaph "Here lies the worst of kings and the most miserable of men".

Because the king was not able to rule, Anabella was prompted to manage state affairs as de facto ruler. The chronicles of Scotland generally praise queen Anabella and her conduct as queen. Protecting the interests of her oldest son, David, she arranged a great tournament in 1398 in Edinburgh, where her oldest son was knighted. In April of that year she also called a council where he was created Duke of Rothesay and Lieutenant of the Realm in the same year. Shortly after his mother's death he would be imprisoned by his uncle and died in mysterious circumstances. David was described as debauched, self-indulgent and erratic, and the Duke of Albany did not have to fight hard to control him.

The Fife burgh of Inverkeithing was a favorite residence of the queen. Her presence is still recalled in the sandstone font, decorated with angels and heraldry, which she presented to the parish church of the town, one of Scotland's finest surviving pieces of late medieval sculpture.

Anabella died in Scone Palace in October 1401, and was buried at her birthplace of Dunfermline. With the loss of her protection, her eldest son David would become the prey of his uncle, Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany, dying shortly after

Other Events:

• Affiliation: ; House of Stewart - Founder
• FamilySearch ID: LHW6-FV7
• TitleOfNobility: ; Grandson of Robert, The Bruce, 1st Monarch of the House of Stewart, 15 issue, succeeded his uncle King David II)
• TitleOfNobility: ; King of Scotland, Guardian of Scotland, High Steward of Scotland, Earl of Atholl, Earl of Strathearn
• Name: Robert STEWART
• Name: Robert STEWART
• Religion: ; Roman Catholic
• Restored to The Line of Succession: Jul 1326, Cambuskenneth Abbey, Stirlingshire, Scotland; David Bruce became heir to the throne of Scotland upon his birth on 5 March 1324, displacing his nephew from the line of succession. However, 2 heirs are better than only one, and the death of David's twin brother John reminded everyone how fragile baby's
• DUNDONALD CASTLE: 1371, Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scotland; Robert Stewart built Dundonald Castle in 1371, probably to mark his accession to the throne as Robert II, and as a safe place for his family to live.
• Ascension to Throne: 22 Feb 1371
• TitleOfNobility: Between 22 Feb 1371 and 19 Apr 1390; 35th King of Scotland - reigned for 19 years

Notes:

Robert II (2 March 1316 ? 19 April 1390) was King of Scots from 1371 to his death in 1390. He was the first monarch of the House of Stewart as the son of Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland, and of Marjorie Bruce, daughter of the Scottish king Robert the Bruce by his first wife Isabella of Mar.

In 1336, he first married Elizabeth Mure, daughter of Sir Adam Mure of Rowallan. The marriage was criticized for being uncanonical, so he remarried her in 1349 after receiving a papal dispensation in 1347.
From this union, ten children reached adulthood:
- John, who became King of Scotland as Robert III, married Anabella Drummond.
- Walter, husband of Isabella MacDuff, Countess of Fife.
- Robert, Earl of Fife and Duke of Albany, married Margaret Graham, Countess of Menteith, and 2nd Muriella Keith.
- Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan, "The Wolf of Badenoch", married Euphemia of Ross.
- Margaret, married John of Islay, Lord of the Isles.
- Marjorie, married John Dunbar, Earl of Moray, then Sir Alexander Keith.
- Elizabeth married Thomas de la Hay, Lord High Constable of Scotland.
- Isabella, married James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas, and 2nd John Edmonstone of Edmonstone.
- Johanna (Jean), married Sir John Keith, then 2nd John Lyon, Lord of Glamis and 3rd Sir James Sandilands.
- Katherine, married Sir Robert Logan of Grugar and Restalrig, Lord High Admiral of Scotland.

In 1355, Robert married his second wife Euphemia de Ross, daughter of Hugh, Earl of Ross. They had four children:
- David Stewart, Earl of Strathearn, born about 1356 and died in 1389.
- Walter Stewart, Earl of Atholl, born about 1360, beheaded at Edinburgh in 1437 for being involved in the assassination of King James I.
- Elizabeth, married in 1380 David Lindsay, 1st Earl of Crawford.
- Egidia, married William Douglas of Nithsdale.


[Information added by OldeBruce in April 2022:
Edward Bruce, younger brother of Robert the Bruce, was named heir to the throne but he died without legitimate children on 3 December 1318 in a battle near Dundalk in Ireland. Marjorie by this time had died in a riding accident ? probably in 1317. Parliament decreed her infant son, Robert Stewart, as heir presumptive, but this lapsed on 5 March 1324 on the birth of a son, David, to King Robert and his second wife, Elizabeth de Burgh. Robert Stewart inherited the title of High Steward of Scotland on his father's death on 9 April 1326, and a Parliament held in July 1326 confirmed the young Steward as heir should Prince David die without a successor. In 1329 King Robert I died and the six-year-old David succeeded to the throne with Sir Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray appointed Guardian of Scotland.

Edward Balliol, son of King John Balliol, assisted by the English and Scottish nobles disinherited by Robert I, invaded Scotland inflicting heavy defeats on the Bruce party on 11 August 1332 at Dupplin Moor and Halidon Hill on 19 July 1333. Robert fought at Halidon, where his uncle and former guardian, Sir James Stewart, was killed. Following this battle, Robert's lands in the west were given by Balliol to his supporter David Strathbogie, the titular Earl of Atholl. Robert took refuge in the fortress of Dumbarton Castle in the Clyde estuary to join his uncle, King David. In May 1334 David escaped to France leaving Robert and John Randolph, 3rd Earl of Moray as joint Guardians of the kingdom. Robert succeeded in regaining his lands but following Randolph's capture by the English in July 1335, his possessions were once again targeted by the forces of Balliol and King Edward III of England. This may have persuaded Robert to submit to Balliol and the English king and may explain his removal as Guardian by September 1335. The Guardianship transferred to Sir Andrew Murray of Bothwell but following his death in 1338 Robert was re-appointed and retained the office until King David returned from France in June 1341. Robert accompanied David into battle at Neville's Cross on 17 October 1346 but he and Patrick Dunbar, Earl of March escaped or fled the field and David was taken prisoner. In October 1357, the king was ransomed for 100,000 marks to be paid in installments over ten years.

Robert joined a rebellion against David in 1363 but submitted to him following a threat to his right of succession. In 1364, David presented a proposal to Parliament that would cancel the remaining ransom debt if it was agreed that a Plantagenet heir would inherit the Scottish throne should he die without issue. This was rejected and Robert succeeded to the throne at the age of 55 following David's unexpected death in 1371. England still controlled large sectors in the Lothians and in the border country so King Robert allowed his southern earls to engage in actions in the English zones to regain their territories, halted trade with England and renewed treaties with France. By 1384, the Scots had re-taken most of the occupied lands, but following the commencement of Anglo-French peace talks, Robert was reluctant to commit Scotland to all-out war and obtained Scotland's inclusion in the peace treaty. Robert's peace strategy was a factor in the virtual coup in 1384 when he lost control of the country, first to his eldest son, John, Earl of Carrick, afterwards King Robert III, and then from 1388 to John's younger brother, Robert, Earl of Fife, afterwards the first Duke of Albany. Robert II died in Dundonald Castle in 1390 and was buried at Scone Abbey.

Heir presumptive
Robert Stewart, born in 1316, was the only child of Walter Stewart, High Steward of Scotland and King Robert I's daughter Marjorie Bruce, who died probably in 1317 following a riding accident.[1] He had the upbringing of a Gaelic noble on the Stewart lands in Bute, Clydeside, and in Renfrew.[1] In 1315 parliament removed Marjorie's right as heir to her father in favour of her uncle, Edward Bruce.[2] Edward was killed at the Battle of Faughart, near Dundalk on 14 October 1318,[3] resulting in a hastily arranged Parliament in December to enact a new entail naming Marjorie's son, Robert, as heir should the king die without a successor.[4] The birth of a son, afterwards David II, to King Robert on 5 March 1324 cancelled Robert Stewart's position as heir presumptive, but a Parliament at Cambuskenneth in July 1326 restored him in the line of succession should David die without an heir.[2] This reinstatement of his status was accompanied by the gift of lands in Argyll, Roxburghshire and the Lothians.[5]

The first war of independence began in the reign of King John Balliol.[6] His short reign was bedeviled by Edward I's insistence on his overlordship of Scotland. The Scottish leadership concluded that only war could release the country from the English king's continued weakening of Balliol's sovereignty and so finalised a treaty of reciprocal assistance with France in October 1295.[7] The Scots forayed into England in March 1296? this incursion together with the French treaty angered the English king and provoked an invasion of Scotland taking Berwick on 30 March before defeating the Scots army at Dunbar on 27 April.[8] John Balliol submitted to Edward and resigned the throne to him before being sent to London as a prisoner. Despite this, resistance to the English led by William Wallace and Andrew Moray had emerged in the name of King John Balliol.[8] On their deaths, Robert the Bruce continued to resist the English and eventually succeeded in defeating the forces of Edward II of England and gained the Scottish throne for himself.[7]

David Bruce, aged five, became king on 7 June 1329 on the death of his father Robert. Walter the Steward had died earlier on 9 April 1327,[9] and the orphaned eleven-year-old Robert was placed under the guardianship of his uncle, Sir James Stewart of Durrisdeer,[2] who along with Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray, and William Lindsey, Archdeacon of St Andrews were appointed as joint Guardians of the kingdom.[10] David's accession kindled the second independence war which threatened Robert's position as heir.[11] In 1332 Edward Balliol, son of the deposed John Balliol, spearheaded an attack on the Bruce sovereignty with the tacit support of King Edward III of England and the explicit endorsement of 'the disinherited'.[12] Edward Balliol's forces delivered heavy defeats on the Bruce supporters at Dupplin Moor on 11 August 1332 and again at Halidon Hill on 19 July 1333, at which the 17-year-old Robert participated.[10] Robert's estates were overrun by Balliol, who granted them to David Strathbogie, titular earl of Atholl, but Robert evaded capture and gained protection at Dumbarton Castle where King David was also taking refuge.[11] Very few other strongholds remained in Scottish hands in the winter of 1333? only the castles of Kildrummy (held by Christian Bruce, elder sister of Robert I and wife of Andrew Murray of Bothwell), Loch Leven, Loch Doon, and Urquhart held out against Balliol forces.[13]

Dairsie Castle where the 1335 Parliament was held
In May 1334, the situation looked dire for the house of Bruce and David II gained safety in France. Robert set about winning back his lands in the west of Scotland.

Was in command of the second division of the Scotch Army at Halidon Hill, and was one of the few who escaped the carnage of that disastrous day. See Europ?isch Stammtafeln Band II tafel 69. There is some confusion over which daughter is which and who are their mothers which still needs some clarification.

Robert II (2 March 1316 ? 19 April 1390) was King of Scots from 1371 to his death in 1390. He was the first monarch of the House of Stewart as the son of Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland, and of Marjorie Bruce, daughter of the Scottish king Robert the Bruce by his first wife Isabella of Mar.

Edward Bruce, younger brother of Robert the Bruce, was named heir presumptive but died without heirs on 3 December 1318. Marjorie Bruce had died probably in 1317 in a riding accident and parliament decreed her infant son, Robert Stewart, as heir presumptive, but this lapsed on 5 March 1324 on the birth of a son, David, to King Robert and his second wife, Elizabeth de Burgh. Robert Stewart became High Steward of Scotland on his father's death on 9 April 1327, and in the same year parliament confirmed the young Steward as heir should Prince David die without a successor. In 1329 King Robert I died and the six-year-old David succeeded to the throne under the guardianship of Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray.

Robert married Elizabeth MURE, of Rowallan in 1348 in Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scotland. Elizabeth (daughter of Sir Adam IV MURE, of Rowallan and Janet Mure of POKELLIE) was born on 2 Mar 1320 in Rowallan Castle, Kilmaurs, AYR, Scotland; died in 1354 in Dundonald Castle, Ayrshire, Scotland; was buried in Paisley Abbey, Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: L89H-F4Y
• TitleOfNobility: ; Countess of Atholl
• Name: Isabel MURE

Notes:

Elizabeth Mure was the first wife of Robert, High Steward of Scotland, and Guardian of Scotland (1338? 1341 and from October 1346), who later became King Robert II of Scotland.
Elizabeth was the daughter of Sir Adam Mure of Rowallan and his wife Janet Mure of Pokellie, she was born about 1320 at Rowallan Castle.

Elizabeth and Robert married in 1336, when Robert was not in line to inherit the crown. They did not seek permission from the Pope before marrying, therefore, their marriage was considered uncanonical. Because of this she is often considered his mistress and their children illegitimate. King David II was captured by the English in 1346 and Elizabeth's husband became Guardian of Scotland, Regent in David's absence and King of Scotland in all but name. Facing renewed scrutiny and criticism of their marriage and wanting their children to be acknowledged as legitimate, Robert applied to the Pope for a dispensation which was received 22 November 1347. Robert and Elizabeth married for a 2nd time, officially, in a church wedding, in 1349. Elizabeth and Robert were married for about about 19 years but only officially (by church standards) for about 6.

Elizabeth did not live to see her husband become King of Scotland but is believed to have died in 1354, certainly before May 1355 when Robert married for a 2nd time.

Elizabeth and Robert had the following children:
- John Stewart, Earl of Carrick who became King Robert III
- Walter Stewart, Lord of Fife
- Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany (c. 1340? 1420)
- Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan
- Margaret Stewart, married John of Islay, Lord of the Isles
- Marjorie Stewart, married firstly, John Dunbar, Earl of Moray, and secondly, Sir Alexander Keith
- Johanna (Jean) Stewart, married firstly, Sir John Keith, secondly, Sir John Lyon, and thirdly in 1384, Sir James Sandilands.
- Isabella Stewart, married firstly, James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas, and secondly, John Edmonstone of that Ilk
- Katherine Stewart, married Sir Robert Logan of Grugar and Restalrig, Lord High Admiral of Scotland
- Elizabeth Stewart, married Sir Thomas Hay, Lord High Constable of Scotland.

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LR3X-YVV
• TitleOfNobility: ; 11th Chief of the House of Drummond.
• TitleOfNobility: ; Sir Knight
• Name: John McLEISH DRUMMOND

Notes:

About Sir John Drummond, 11th Chief of Lennox
Sir John Drummond, 11th of Lennox 1,2

M, #102467, b. 1318, d. 1373
Last Edited=2 Mar 2005
Sir John Drummond, 11th of Lennox was born in 1318. He was the son of Sir Malcolm Drummond, 10th Thane of Lennox and Margaret de Graham.2 He married Mary Montifex, daughter of Sir William de Montifex.2 He died in 1373.2 Sir John Drummond, 11th of Lennox lived at Strobhall, Scotland.1

Children of Sir John Drummond, 11th of Lennox and Mary Montifex

* Dougal Drummond 2
* Annabel Drummond+ b. c 1350, d. c Oct 1401
* Sir Malcolm Drummond b. 1351, d. 1403
* Margaret Drummond b. 1354
* Sir John Drummond, 12th of Lennox+ b. 1356, d. 1428
* Mary Drummond b. 1357
* William Drummond b. 1358
* Jean Drummond b. 1362
notes
From http://www.electricscotland.com/webclans/dtog/drummon2.html

The wife of John, the eldest son, was Mary, eldest daughter and co-heiress of Sir William de Montifex, with whom he got the lands of Auchterarder, Kincardine in Monteith, Cargill, and Stobhall in Perthshire.

He had four sons,

Sir Malcolm,
Sir John,
William, and
Dougal;
and three daughters -

Annabella, married, in 1357, John, Earl of Carrick, high steward of Scotland, afterwards King Robert the Third, and thus became Queen of Scotland, and the mother of David, Duke of Rothesay, starved to death in the palace of Falkland, in 1402, and of James the First, as well as of three daughters;
Margaret, married to Sir Colin Campbell of Lochow,
Jean, to Stewart of Donally, and
Mary, to Macdonald of the Isles.
Citations

G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume I, page 155. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage.
Derek Hughes, "re: 1st Lord Drummond," e-mail message from (unknown address) to Darryl Lundy, 22 December 2004, 13 February 2005 and 2 March 2005. Hereinafter cited as "re: 1st Lord Drummond".
Charles Mosley, editor, Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition, 2 volumes (Crans, Switzerland: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 1999), volume 1, page 104. Hereinafter cited as Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition.
Links

http://www.thepeerage.com/p10247.htm#i102467
The Drummonds, according to unvarying tradition, are of Hungarian origin, Maurice, the first of that family who settled in Scotland, having come from that country in 1066 with Edgar the Atheling and Margaret, his sister, afterwards wife of King Malcolm III of Scotland. Maurice adopted the name Drummond from the Gaelic 'druim' and 'monadh', that is 'back of the mountain'. Maurice was the son of George, a younger son of Andreas, King of Hungary. Andreas could trace his ancestry to Arpad, the Magyar king who conquered Hungary (d. 907), who m. a dt. of Jaroslav, the king of Novgorod and Kiev. Jaroslav was descended from the Swedish Viking Rurik (d. 870), who became king of Novgorod. The Swedish conquerors were called the Rus, or fair-haired, from which the word 'Russia' is derived

v

John married Mary Margaret MONTIFEX, Countess of Lennox in 1347 in Fordoun, Kincardineshire, Scotland. Mary (daughter of Sir William MONTIFEX MONTEFICHET, BARON OF CARGIL, One of the signers in 1320 of the Declaration of Arbroath and Mary DE MENTEITH) was born in 1325 in Stobhall, Cargill, Perthshire, Scotland; died on 31 Jan 1375 in Perth, Perthshire, Scotland; was buried in Feb 1375 in Cargill, Perthshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LRK8-G1M
• TitleOfNobility: ; Heiress of Cargill and Stobhall De Montefex
• Residence: ; Heiress of the lands of Auchterarder, Kincardine in Monteith, Cargill, and Stobhall in Perthshire

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: L8MB-CP1
• Name: Walter STEWART
• Occupation: ; High Steward
• _UID: E676A1C3C36E4275B0843DD292040E901F32

Walter married Princess Marjory Of SCOTLAND in 1315 in Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scotland. Marjory (daughter of King Robert BRUCE, I of Scottland and Isabel (Matilda) De MAR) was born on 12 Dec 1296 in Cardross, Dunbartonshire, Scotland; died on 2 Mar 1316 in Paisley Abbey, Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland; was buried in 1316 in Paisley Abbey, Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• Clan: ; Clan Bruce
• FamilySearch ID: LDQR-9B8
• Name: Marjorie BRUCE -
• _UID: DDB76C26788E4CB894D438006DA3672E75DE
• ENGLISH CAPTIVE FOR 8 YEARS: Between 1306 and 1314, Watton Abbey, Watton, Norfolk, England; Captured by the English in 1306 at age 9, Marjorie was held captive at Watton Abbey until 1314.
• Cause of Death: Oct 1317, Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland; DIED AFTER FALLING FROM A HORSE DURING HER SECOND PREGNANCY

Notes:

Marjorie Bruce was the oldest child of Robert I, King of Scotland, also known as Robert the Bruce, and his first wife Isabella of Mar. She was born in December of 1296 and her mother died 12 December, 1296 shortly after giving birth. Marjorie was named after her paternal grandmother, Marjorie, Countess of Carrick, who had died 4 years before.

In March of 1306 Scotland was in the midst of the First War of Scottish Independence with England when Marjorie's father Robert the Bruce was crowned King of Scotland. "The Bruce" suffered a defeat at the Battle of Methven and sent Marjorie, her step-mother Elizabeth, and her 2 aunts Mary and Christina North for safety. Unfortunately, they were captured by the English along with Isabella MacDuff. All the men captured were executed including Marjorie's Uncle Niall who was hanged, drawn and quartered and then beheaded. Marjorie's step-mother Elizabeth was deemed a valuable hostage and sent to the Tower of London. Her Aunt Christina, whose husband was just executed, was imprisoned at the convent at Sixhills. Mary Bruce and Isabella MacDuff were imprisoned separately in wooden cages and hung outside the castles of Roxburgh and Berwick, exposed to public view and the elements for 4 long years. A cage was built outside the Tower of London for 9 year old Marjorie but English King Edward I reconsidered and sent her to the convent in Watton instead. Marjorie would remain an English captive until 1314 when she was finally released, exchanged for English prisoners, at the age of 17. Robert the Bruce could not accompany his wife and daughter home himself, he would have been a rich prize for the English, however, he sent Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland, to escort them home.

Scotland was free and King Robert the Bruce was at the height of his power. Not wanting to leave Scotland without a clear ruler, as had happened previously after the death of Alexander III and Margaret the Maid of Norway, on April 25 1315 Parliament agreed that if King Robert I, and his brother Edward de Brus, both died without male issue then Marjory de Brus would inherit the throne of Scotland. King Robert I was the most powerful man in Scotland, and now Marjory was the most important woman in Scotland.
Shortly after this Marjorie married the 2nd most powerful man in Scotland, Walter Stewart, High Steward of Scotland. The man who had accompanied her back home from her captivity the year before.

Marjorie and Walter welcomed a son Robert Stuart on March 2 1316. Robert would grow up to become Robert II King of Scotland. Unfortunately, Marjorie would not live to see it. Some historical sources tell us that Marjorie died giving birth to her only son. That she was thrown from a horse while heavily pregnant, and that the baby was delivered safely but Marjorie died. More modern research now indicates that the facts were a little confused. Marjorie did die after a fall from a horse while pregnant, however, it was in October 1317 during her 2nd pregnancy, and both mother and child died. Marjory was buried at Paisley Abbey, Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland.

Like her own mother, Isabella, Marjorie died young, leaving behind a single young motherless child. Robert would not grow up an only child, however, his father married a 2nd time, to Isabel de Graham, and they gave Robert 3 younger siblings.

Marjorie's marriage to Walter, High Steward of Scotland united Clan Stewart and the royal House of Bruce. Her son Robert II was the first Stewart monarch, through him she was the ancestress of a long line of royalty including Mary Queen of Scots and Bonnie Prince Charlie.

Princess Marjorie, the only daughter of King Robert I of Scotland by his first wife Isabella of Mar. Marjorie died in March 1316 giving birth to their only child:[11]
King Robert II of Scotland (born 1316-died 1390), the first monarch of the House of Stewart who reigned as King of Scotland from 1371 to his death in 1390.

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: K6MM-KSH

Adam married Janet Mure of POKELLIE. Janet was born in 1290 in Kilmarnock, Ayrshire, Scotland; died in 1355 in Rowallan Castle, Kilmarnock, Ayrshire, Scotland; was buried in 1335 in Kilmarnock, Ayrshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: G8VY-ZX7

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: L5NR-BMN

Malcolm married Annabella GRAHAM. Annabella was born in 1299 in Stobhall, Cargill, Perthshire, Scotland; died in 1358 in Fearn, Ross-shire, Scotland; was buried in 1358 in Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: G8Y9-XJ3

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: GNFC-BH9

Sir married Mary DE MENTEITH. Mary was born in 1295 in Auchterarder, Perthshire, Scotland; died on 21 Feb 1367 in Perth, Perthshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LK4Y-NY6