Walter De CORNWALL

Other Events:

• _UID: 8F5D83A6463A4A33A9ED021CCCD08BFBE87C

Notes:

Ancestral File Number: 9M3R-Z3

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: 9CNV-S3Y
• HISTORY: Elected King Of The Romans & Of Almaine 1556.
• _UID: CBB397E72D2C469EA0F6E7C807C73B9C2303
• ACCEDED: 30 May 1227, Prince; Created Earl Of Poictiers In 1225. Earl Of Cornwall

Notes:

1 NAME Richard /Plantagenet/ 1 DEAT 2 PLAC Cornwall, England

BIOGRAPHY: Richard was very wealthy and used it to be elected Holy Roman Emperor. His reign was not of any substance-pretty much symbolic. Late in life he gave up hope of ever actually ruling.
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BIOGRAPHY: Richard, Count of Poitou by 18 Aug 1225 (renounced c Dec 1243), 1st Earl of Cornwall, so styled from 21 Aug 1227 and King of the Romans (ie. heir presumptive to the Holy Roman Empire), so elected at Frankfurt 13 Jan 1256/7 and crowned at Aachen 17 May 1257 but soon ejected and returned to England, three of the Electors apparently having thrown him over because his monetary inducements to them were too small, PC (1253); Constable of Wallingford Castle 1216; knighted Feb 1224/5 and granted by his brother Henry III 13 Feb 1224/5 the County of Cornwall during the King's pleasure, following which he was presumably invested as Earl of that county; Lt of Guienne 1226-7; Ambassador to Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II 1237 and Popes Innocent IV and Alexander IV 1250 and 1259 respectively; went on Crusade 1240-41; Co- or sole Regent during his brother Henry III's campaigns in Gascony 1253-54, fought with his brother Henry III against Simon de Montfort's barons at Battle of Lewes 1264, where he was captured; married 1st 30 March 1230/1 Isabel, 3rd daughter of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke and widow of Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford and 2nd Earl of Gloucester, and had three sons (all died young or sp); married 2nd 22 Nov 1243 Sancha, sister of his brother Henry III's wife Eleanor and 3rd daughter and coheir of Raymond Berengar V, Count of Provence, and by her had two or three sons (also died young or sp, including the 2nd and last Earl of Cornwall); married 3rd 16 June 1269 Beatrice, 2nd daughter of Walram de Fauquemont (or Valkenberg, near Mastricht), Seigneur de Montjoie and brother of Engelbert Archbishop of Cologne, and died 2 April 1272, leaving by Jeanne de Valletort, and illegitimate son. [Burke's Peerage]

Earl married Joan Or Jane De VALLETORT in Unmarried. Joan (daughter of Reginald De VALLETORT) was born about 1213 in <, Winchester, Hampshire, England>; and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• _UID: 5F97F7260D7A45D8BCCF9D93F32B1F742372

Notes:

Also Known As:<_AKA> Joan
Ancestral File Number: 8XJ6-KL

Other Events:

• Affiliation: ; House of Plantagenet
• CAUSED BY DEA: Probably From Dysentery
• FamilySearch ID: LBYQ-Z26
• Name: Lackland
• _UID: 65CCDAABBD1F4C5CA4AF7F3CB2656D441068
• RULED: Between 1199 and 1216, King Of England
• ACCEDED: 27 May 1199, Westminster Abbey, London, Middlesex, England
• Coronation: 27 May 1199, Westminster Abbey
• Signed Magna Carta: 15 Jun 1215, England
• Interment: Oct 1216, Worcestershire, England; Worcester Cathedral

Notes:

John was born on Christmas Eve 1167. His parents drifted apart after his birth; his youth was divided between his eldest brother Henry's house, where he learned the art of knighthood, and the house of his father's justiciar, Ranulf Glanvil, where he learned the business of government. As the fourth child, inherited lands were not available to him, giving rise to his nickname, Lackland. His first marriage lasted but ten years and was fruitless, but his second wife, Isabella of Angouleme, bore him two sons and three daughters. He also had an illegitimate daughter, Joan, who married Llywelyn the Great, Ruler of All Wales, from which the Tudor line of monarchs was descended. The survival of the English government during John's reign is a testament to the reforms of his father, as John taxed the system socially, economically, and judicially.

The Angevin family feuds profoundly marked John. He and Richard clashed in 1184 following Richard's refusal to honor his father's wishes surrender Aquitane to John. The following year Henry II sent John to rule Ireland, but John alienated both the native Irish and the transplanted Anglo-Normans who emigrated to carve out new lordships for themselves; the experiment was a total failure and John returned home within six months. After Richard gained the throne in 1189, he gave John vast estates in an unsuccessful attempt to appease his younger brother. John failed to overthrow Richard's administrators during the German captivity and conspired with Philip II in another failed coup attempt. Upon Richard's release from captivity in 1194, John was forced to sue for pardon and he spent the next five years in his brother's shadow.

John's reign was troubled in many respects. A quarrel with the Church resulted in England being placed under an interdict in 1207, with John actually excommunicated two years later. The dispute centered on John's stubborn refusal to install the papal candidate, Stephen Langdon, as Archbishop of Canterbury; the issue was not resolved until John surrendered to the wishes of Pope Innocent III and paid tribute for England as the Pope's vassal.

John proved extremely unpopular with his subjects. In addition to the Irish debacle, he inflamed his French vassals by orchestrating the murder of his popular nephew, Arthur of Brittany. By spring 1205, he lost the last of his French possessions and returned to England. The final ten years of his reign were occupied with failed attempts to regain these territories. After levying a number of new taxes upon the barons to pay for his dismal campaigns, the discontented barons revolted, capturing London in May 1215. At Runnymeade in the following June, John succumbed to pressure from the barons, the Church, and the English people at-large, and signed the Magna Carta. The document, a declaration of feudal rights, stressed three points. First, the Church was free to make ecclesiastic appointments. Second, larger-than-normal amounts of money could only be collected with the consent of the king's feudal tenants. Third, no freeman was to be punished except within the context of common law. Magna Carta, although a testament to John's complete failure as monarch, was the forerunner of modern constitutions. John only signed the document as a means of buying time and his hesitance to implement its principles compelled the nobility to seek French assistance. The barons offered the throne to Philip II's son, Louis. John died in the midst of invasion from the French in the South and rebellion from his barons in the North.

John was remembered in elegant fashion by Sir Richard Baker in A Chronicle of the Kings of England: ". . .his works of piety were very many . . . as for his actions, he neither came to the crown by justice, nor held it with any honour, nor left it peace."

MAGNA CARTA
The Great Charter of English liberty granted (under considerable duress) by King John at Runnymede on June 15, 1215 John, by the grace of God King of England, Lord of Ireland, Duke of Normandy and Aquitaine, and Count of Anjou, to his archbishops, bishops, abbots, earls, barons, justices, foresters, sheriffs, stewards, servants, and to all his officials and loyal subjects, greeting.

Know that before God, for the health of our soul and those of our ancestors and heirs, to the honour of God, the exaltation of the holy Church, and the better ordering of our kingdom, at the advice of our reverend fathers Stephen, archbishop of Canterbury, primate of all England, and cardinal of the holy Roman Church, Henry archbishop of Dublin, William bishop of London, Peter bishop of Winchester, Jocelin bishop of Bath and Glastonbury, Hugh bishop of Lincoln, Walter Bishop of Worcester, William bishop of Coventry, Benedict bishop of Rochester, Master Pandulf subdeacon and member of the papal household, Brother Aymeric master of the Knights of the Temple in England, William Marshal, earl of Pembroke, William earl of Salisbury, William earl of Warren, William earl of Arundel, Alan de Galloway constable of Scotland, Warin Fitz Gerald, Peter Fitz Herbert, Hubert de Burgh seneschal of Poitou, Hugh de Neville, Matthew Fitz Herbert, Thomas Basset, Alan Basset, Philip Daubeny, Robert de Roppeley, John Marshal, John Fitz Hugh, and other loyal subjects:


In French JEAN SANS TERRE king of England from 1199 to 1216. In a war with the French king Philip II, he lost Normandy and almost all his other possessions in France. In England, after a revolt of the barons, he was forced to seal the Magna Carta (1215).

From the Encyclopedia Britannica Online, article titled "John:"

"John's reputation, bad at his death, was further depressed by writers of the next generation. Of all centuries prior to the present, only the 16th, mindful of his quarrel with Rome, recognized some of his quality. He was suspicious, vengeful, and treacherous; Arthur I of Brittany was probably murdered in captivity, and Matilda de Braose, the wife of a recalcitrant Marcher baron, was starved to death with her son in a royal prison. But John was cultured and literate. Conventional in his religion rather than devout, he was remembered for his benefactions to the church of Coventry, to Reading Abbey, and to Worcester, where he was buried and where his effigy still survives. He was extraordinarily active, with a great love of hunting and a readiness to travel that gave him a knowledge of England matched by few other monarchs. He took a personal interest in judicial and financial administration, and his reign saw important advances at the Exchequer, in the administration of justice, in the importance of the privy seal and the royal household, in methods of taxation and military organization, and in the grant of chartered privileges to towns. If his character was unreliable, his political judgment was acute. In 1215 many barons, including some of the most distinguished, fought on his side."


"Lackland" refered to John's status as the youngest son, resulting in no significant inherited fiefs from his Father. His titles included King of Ireland 1177, Count of Mortain 1189, Earl of Gloucester. John succeeded his brother Richard I as King in 1199. In 1215 he put his seal on the Magna Carta (Great Charter). The Magna Carta is the foundation of English Constitutional law and liberties and placed the King, like the subjects he ruled, subject to the rule of law. He is Interred in Worcester Cathedral. "The Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages" Norman F. Cantor, General Editor.

AKA (2):
"Lackland"

John married D'angouleme Isabella DE TAILLEFER, Queen Of England on 24 Aug 1200 in Bordeaux, Gironde, France. Isabella (daughter of Count Of Valence & Angouleme Aymer DE TAILLEFER, Earl Of Glocester and Alice Alix DE COURTENAY) was born about 1180 in Angouleme, Charente-Maritime, France; died on 31 May 1246 in Fontrevrault, Marie-Et-Loire, France; was buried in Jun 1246 in Fontevrault-L'abbaye, Maine-Et-Loire, Pays De La Loire, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: MF7F-HQF
• RULED: Queen Of England
• Name: Isabelle D'ANGOUL?ME
• _UID: EC77270D07744B23B6702A2970558F237086
• ACCEDED: 8 Oct 1200, Westminster Abbey, London, Middlesex, England

Notes:

[John Howard, Duke.ged]

Taillefer, Isabelle of Angouleme, Queen of England -

She was betrothed to Hugh before she married John. After John's death she retired to her native city and eventually married Hugh after about 3 years. Countess of Angouleme 1202.

Issue

With King John of England, five children, all of whom survived into adulthood:

King Henry III of England (1 October 1207 ? 16 November 1272). Married Eleanor of Provence, by whom he had issue, including his heir, King Edward I of England.
Richard, Earl of Cornwall and King of the Romans (5 January 1209 ? 2 April 1272). Married firstly, Isabel Marshal, secondly, Sanchia of Provence, and thirdly, Beatrice of Falkenburg. Had issue.
Joan (22 July 1210 ? 1238), the wife of King Alexander II of Scotland. Her marriage was childless.
Isabella (1214? 1241), the wife of Emperor Frederick II, by whom she had issue.
Eleanor (1215? 1275), who would marry, firstly, William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, and secondly, Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, by whom she had issue.

With Hugh X of Lusignan, Count of La Marche: nine children, all of whom survived into adulthood:

Hugh XI of Lusignan (1221? 1250), Count of La Marche and Count of Angoul?me. Married Yolande de Dreux, Countess of Penthi?vre and of Porhoet, by whom he had issue.
Aymer of Lusignan (1222? 1260), Bishop of Winchester
Agn?s de Lusignan (1223? 1269). Married William II de Chauvigny (d. 1270), and had issue.
Alice of Lusignan (1224 ? 9 February 1256). Married John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey, by whom she had issue.
Guy of Lusignan (c. 1225 ? 1264), killed at the Battle of Lewes. (Tufton Beamish maintains that he escaped to France after the Battle of Lewes and died there in 1269.)
Geoffrey of Lusignan (c. 1226 ? 1274). Married in 1259 Jeanne, Viscountess of Ch?tellerault, by whom he had issue.
Isabella of Lusignan (c.1226/1227 ? 14 January 1299). Married, firstly, before 1244 Maurice IV, Seigneur de Craon (1224? 1250),[19] by whom she had issue; she married, secondly, Geoffrey de Rancon.[20]
William of Lusignan (c. 1228 ? 1296). First earl of Pembroke. Married Joan de Munchensi, by whom he had issue.
Marguerite de Lusignan (c. 1229 ? 1288). Married, firstly, in 1243 Raymond VII of Toulouse; secondly, c. 1246 Aimery IX de Thouars, Viscount of Thouars and had issue

Other Events:

• _UID: 2832F047499143CABE9A174760621EC2D03F

Notes:

Ancestral File Number: 9M40-WN

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LYD7-TB9
• Name: Henri COMTE D'ANJOU
• Name: Henry II CURTMANTLE
• Occupation: ; King of England
• Residence: Abad?a de Fontevrault, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, , France
• _UID: 1732A7A23693403A840A0D5C65FAB2F5D278
• Knighted - by David, King of the Scots: 22 May 1149, Carlisle, Cumberland, England
• RULED: Between 1154 and 1189, King Of England
• ACCEDED: 19 Dec 1154, Westminster Abbey, London, Middlesex, England
• Coronation: 19 Dec 1154, Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England

Notes:

Henry was the first of the Plantagenets, the name coming from the fact that he was fond of wearing a spring of the broom-plant in his helmet.

From Enclopedia Britannica Online, article titled Henry II:

"by name HENRY OF ANJOU, HENRY PLANTAGENET, HENRY FITZEMPRESS, OR HENRY CURTMANTLE (SHORT MANTLE) duke of Normandy (from 1150), count of Anjou (from 1151), duke of Aquitaine (from 1152), and king of England (from 1154), who greatly expanded his Anglo-French domains and strengthened the royal administration in England. His quarrels with Thomas Becket, archbishop of Canterbury, and with members of his family (his wife, Eleanor of Aquitaine, and such sons as Richard the Lion-Heart and John Lackland) ultimately brought about his defeat.

"Henry II lived in an age of biographers and letter writers of genius. John of Salisbury, Thomas Becket, Giraldus Cambrensis, Walter Map, Peter of Blois, and others knew him well and left their impressions. All agreed on his outstanding ability and striking personality and also recorded his errors and aspects of his character that appear contradictory, whereas modern historians agree upon the difficulty of reconciling its main features. Without deep religious or moral conviction, Henry nevertheless was
respected by three contemporary saints, Aelred of Rievaulx, Gilbert of Sempringham, and Hugh of Lincoln. Normally an approachable and faithful friend and master, he could behave with unreasonable inhumanity. His conduct and aims were always self-centred, but he was neither a tyrant nor an odious egoist. Both as man and ruler he lacked the stamp of greatness that marked Alfred the Great and William the Conqueror. He seemed also to lack wisdom and serenity; and he had no comprehensive view of the
country's interest, no ideals of kingship, no sympathetic care for his people. But if his reign is to be judged by its consequences for England, it undoubtedly stands high in importance, and Henry, as its mainspring, appears among the most notable of English kings." Henry II was Count of Anjou (1151-1189) whose family emblem was the 'plantegenet', a yellow flowering broom; Duke of Normandy (1151-1189); Duke of Aquitane (1152-1189) and as King of England (1154-1189), ruled an empire that stretched from the Tweed to the Pyrenees. He was the Founder of the Angevin, or Plantagenet, line. Henry was the first of fourteen hereditary kings, who were later referred to in the history oracles as Plantagenets. He is more commonly known as FitzEmpress, Henry II Curtmantle, King of England.
In spite of frequent hostilities with the French King, his own family and rebellious Barons (culminating in the great revolt of 1173-74) and his quarrel with Thomas Becket, Henry II maintained control over his possessions until shortly before his death.
Henry II's judicial and administrative reforms, which increased Royal control and influence at the expense of the Barons, were of great constitutional importance. Henry II Introduced trial by Jury.
Henry II, by marrying ELEANOR OF AQUITAINE immediately after her divorce from Louis VII, King of France, gained vast territories in France. Henry had lands reaching for 1000 miles, and it was this vast domain, which was called the Angevin Empire.
In 1153 he invaded England and forced STEPHEN to acknowledge him as his heir. As king he restored order to war-ravaged England, subdued the barons, centralized the power of government in royalty, and strengthened royal courts. Henry's desire to increase royal authority brought him into conflict with THOMAS ?A BECKET, whom he had made (1162) archbishop of Canterbury. The quarrel, which focused largely on the jurisdiction of the church courts, came to a head when Henry issued (1163) the Constitutions of CLARENDON, defining the relationship between church and state, and ended (1170) with Becket's murder, for which Henry was forced by public indignation to do penance. During his reign he gained northern counties from Scotland and increased his French holdings.
Henry II was also involved in family struggles. Encouraged by their mother and LOUIS VI of France, his three oldest sons, Henry, RICHARD I, and Geoffrey, rebelled (1173-74) against him. The rebellion collapsed, but at the time of Henry's death, Richard and the youngest son, JOHN, were in the course of another rebellion. He was unfortunate in love, relentlessly and romantically pursuing the hand of his wife, Eleanor, who became a selfish spoilt lady, and who turned her sons against their own father. Because of the rebellion by the eldest son, Henry was crushed, and Eleanor was placed under house arrest for fifteen years. The other brothers placed continual pressure on their father, in alliances with the King of France. Henry died a lonely and grief stricken man deserted by all of those he had loved and honored.

Contemporaries: Louis VII (King of France, 1137-1180), Thomas Beckett (Archbishop of Canterbury), Pope Adrian IV, Frederick I (Frederick Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor, 1152-1190)
Henry II, first of the Angevin kings, was one of the most effective of all England's monarchs. He came to the throne amid the anarchy of Stephen's reign and promptly collared his errant barons. He refined Norman government and created a capable, self-standing bureaucracy. His energy was equaled only by his ambition and intelligence. Henry survived wars, rebellion, and controversy to successfully rule one of the Middle Ages' most powerful kingdoms.

Henry was raised in the French province of Anjou and first visited England in 1142 to defend his mother's claim to the disputed throne of Stephen. His continental possessions were already vast before his coronation: He acquired Normandy and Anjou upon the death of his father in September 1151, and his French holdings more than doubled with his marriage to Eleanor of Aquitane (ex-wife of King Louis VII of France). In accordance with the Treaty of Wallingford, a succession agreement signed by Stephen and Matilda in 1153, Henry was crowned in October 1154. The continental empire ruled by Henry and his sons included the French counties of Brittany, Maine, Poitou, Touraine, Gascony, Anjou, Aquitane, and Normandy. Henry was technically a feudal vassal of the king of France but, in reality, owned more territory and was more powerful than his French lord. Although King John (Henry's son) lost most of the English holdings in France, English kings laid claim to the French throne until the fifteenth century. Henry also extended his territory in the British Isles in two significant ways. First, he retrieved Cumbria and Northumbria form Malcom IV of Scotland and settled the Anglo-Scot border in the North. Secondly, although his success with Welsh campaigns was limited, Henry invaded Ireland and secured an English presence on the island.

English and Norman barons in Stephen's reign manipulated feudal law to undermine royal authority; Henry instituted many reforms to weaken traditional feudal ties and strengthen his position. Unauthorized castles built during the previous reign were razed. Monetary payments replaced military service as the primary duty of vassals. The Exchequer was revitalized to enforce accurate record keeping and tax collection. Incompetent sheriffs were replaced and the authority of royal courts was expanded. Henry empowered a new social class of government clerks that stabilized procedure - the government could operate effectively in the king's absence and would subsequently prove sufficiently tenacious to survive the reign of incompetent kings. Henry's reforms allowed the emergence of a body of common law to replace the disparate customs of feudal and county courts. Jury trials were initiated to end the old Germanic trials by ordeal or battle. Henry's systematic approach to law provided a common basis for development of royal institutions throughout the entire realm.

The process of strengthening the royal courts, however, yielded an unexpected controversy. The church courts instituted by William the Conqueror became a safe haven for criminals of varying degree and ability, for one in fifty of the English population qualified as clerics. Henry wished to transfer sentencing in such cases to the royal courts, as church courts merely demoted clerics to laymen. Thomas Beckett, Henry's close friend and chancellor since 1155, was named Archbishop of Canterbury in June 1162 but distanced himself from Henry and vehemently opposed the weakening of church courts. Beckett fled England in 1164, but through the intervention of Pope Adrian IV (the lone English pope), returned in 1170. He greatly angered Henry by opposing the coronation of Prince Henry. Exasperated, Henry hastily and publicly conveyed his desire to be rid of the contentious Archbishop - four ambitious knights took the king at his word and murdered Beckett in his own cathedral on December 29, 1170. Henry endured a rather limited storm of protest over the incident and the controversy passed.

Henry's plans of dividing his myriad lands and titles evoked treachery from his sons. At the encouragement - and sometimes because of the treatment - of their mother, they rebelled against their father several times, often with Louis VII of France as their accomplice. The deaths of Henry the Young King in 1183 and Geoffrey in 1186 gave no respite from his children's rebellious nature; Richard, with the assistance of Philip II Augustus of France, attacked and defeated Henry on July 4, 1189 and forced him to accept a humiliating peace. Henry II died two days later, on July 6, 1189.

A few quotes from historic manuscripts shed a unique light on Henry, Eleanor, and their sons.
From Sir Winston Churchill Kt, 1675: "Henry II Plantagenet, the very first of that name and race, and the very greatest King that England ever knew, but withal the most unfortunate . . . his death being imputed to those only to whom himself had given life, his ungracious sons. . ."

From Sir Richard Baker, A Chronicle of the Kings of England: Concerning endowments of mind, he was of a spirit in the highest degree generous . . . His custom was to be always in action; for which cause, if he had no real wars, he would have feigned . . . To his children he was both indulgent and hard; for out of indulgence he caused his son henry to be crowned King in his own time; and out of hardness he caused his younger sons to rebel against him . . . He married Eleanor, daughter of William Duke of Guienne, late wife of Lewis the Seventh of France.

Henry married Queen Eleanor De AQUITAINE on 18 May 1152 in Bordeaux Cathedral, Bordeaux, France. Eleanor (daughter of Guillaume X Duke Of AQUITAINE, Poitou Guillaume and Elbeanor De CHATELLERAULT) was born in 1121-1122 in Chateau DE Belin, Bordeaux, Aquitaine; died on 31 Mar 1204 in Poitiers, Poitou, Aquitaine; was buried in Fontevraud Abbey, Maine-Et-Loire, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• Fact 10: They Had 8 Children; Fact 10
• FamilySearch ID: 9C8T-V1R
• Name: DETAILLEFER
• _UID: 485FD2AD6746498BB76C6BACA5826F87FEF2
• ACCEDED: 12 Dec 1154

Notes:

From Encyclopedia Britannica Online, article titled Eleanor of Aquitaine:

"also called ELEANOR OF GUYENNE, French ?EL?EONORE, OR ALI?ENOR, D'AQUITAINE, OR DEGUYENNE, queen consort of both Louis VII of France (in 1137-52) and Henry II of England (in 1152-1204) and mother of Richard I the Lion-Heart and John of England. She was perhaps the most powerful woman in 12th-century Europe.

"She died in 1204 at the monastery at Fontevrault, Anjou, where she had retired after the campaign at Mirebeau. Her contribution to England extended beyond her own lifetime; after the loss of Normandy (1204), it was her own ancestral lands and not the old Norman territories that remained loyal to England. She has been misjudged by many French historians who have noted only her youthful frivolity, ignoring the tenacity, political wisdom, and energy that characterized the years of her maturity. "She was beautiful and just, imposing and modest, humble and elegant"; and, as the nuns of Fontevrault wrote in their necrology: a queen "who surpassed almost all the queens of the world."ELEANOR OF AQUITAINE (1122-1204) was one of the most important rulers of Medieval Europe.

Many noblewomen in the Middle Ages were well-educated. but Eleanor had the chance to use her education at a time when European politics was dominated by men.

When she was just fifteen, Eleanor's father died, and she inherited Aquitaine. the largest kingdom in France. That same year she married King Louis VII and became Queen of France. Although still a teenager, Eleanor was an impressive figure--beautiful, very well-educated, and fearlessly independent.
When Louis went off on the Crusades, she went with him, traveling thousands of miles, much of it through hostile lands.

But Eleanor and Louis had no male heir, and tensions developed between them. The Pope granted them a divorce when Eleanor was twenty-nine. Within months. Eleanor married Henry Plantagent, her ex-husband's main rival. Two years later Henry became King of England--and Eleanor was a queen again.

However, Henry soon fell in love with another woman, and Eleanor left England to set up her own court in Aquitaine, which she still ruled. Troubadours from all over France flocked to her palace at Poitiers, where Eleanor acted as patron of the arts. Many of the ideas of chivalry that we associate with the Middle Ages were developed in Eleanor's court..

---------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------
Some say King Lewis carried her into the Holy Land, where she carried herself not very holily, but led a licentious life; and, which is the worst kind of licentiousness, in carnal familiarity with a Turk.

Birth:
Some sources states that she was born in 1123.

Notes:

Married:
They may have been married on the 11th of May.

Other Events:

• AKA (2): Almar Taillefer Or Aylmer DE Valence
• FamilySearch ID: MRMP-3HL
• RULED: Earl Of Gloucester
• _UID: 5AB35DA70B364863A901D3DBE8D45BDB4704

Notes:

Ancestral File Number: 8XJ6-4C

Aymer married Alice Alix DE COURTENAY in 1180 in Angouleme, Aquitaine, France. Alice (daughter of Pierre CAPET, King Of France and Isabelle (Elizabeth) DE COURTENAY) was born on 18 Sep 1160 in Bourgogne, Marne, Champagne-Ardenne, France; died on 12 Feb 1216 in Angoul?me, Charente, Poitou-Charentes, France; was buried after 12 Feb 1216 in Angoul?me, Charente, Poitou-Charentes, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• FamilySearch ID: LZ1V-VQ4
• Name: Aliced de COURTENAY
• Name: Alys of France Countess of Vexin
• Occupation: ; Countess of Angoloume
• _UID: 17B9DFF04032433FA46F24D2AAECC4F7EDAA
• Title (Nobility): 1195; Countess of Vexin

Notes:

Details taken from wikipedia

Alice was born in 1160, the second-eldest daughter and one of the ten children of Peter I of Courtenay and Elisabeth of Courtenay,[1] daughter of Renauld de Courtenay and Hawise du Donjon. Her family was one of the most illustrious in France; and her paternal grandparents were King Louis VI of France and Adelaide of Maurienne. Her eldest brother Peter became the Latin emperor of Constantinople in 1216.

Alice's first husband was Andrew, lord of La Fert?-Gaucher, Champagne, whom she married some time after 1169. [2] Following his death in 1177, Alice married Count William I of Joigny. [3] The marriage produced one surviving child, Peter, later count of Joigny, (d.1222). The couple were divorced c. 1184. A charter dated 1180 records that Count William, with Alice's consent, donated property to Pontigny Abbey. Alice married her third husband, Aymer of Angoul?me, c. 1186. [4] That year he succeeded his brother, William V, as count of Angoul?me. The marriage produced one surviving child, Isabella (c. 1188 ? 1246). Aymer died on 16 June 1202 and was succeeded by their daughter, Isabella. Isabella married King John of England in 1200.

Alice died on 12 February 1216 at the age of about 56. [5]