King Richard I "The Lionhearted" Of PLANTAGENET, Of England

1157 - 1199  (41 years)

• Name	Richard I "The Lionhearted" Of PLANTAGENET  [1]
  Prefix	King
  Suffix	Of England
  Nickname	The Lionhearted
  Birth	8 Sep 1157	Beaumont Palace, Oxfordshire, England   [1]
  Gender	Male
  TitleOfNobility	1168  [2]
  	Comte de Poitiers et Duc d'Aquitaine
  TitleOfNobility	Between 1169 and 1196  [2]
  	Count of Poitiers
  TitleOfNobility	1172  [2]
  	Duke of Aquitaine
  RULED	Between 1189 and 1199	King Of England   [1]
  TitleOfNobility	1189	Anjou, France   [2]
  	Comte de Anjou y Maine
  ACCEDED	3 Sep 1189	Westminster Abbey, London, Middlesex, England   [1]
  AKA (2)	"Lionheart"
  CAUSED BY DEA	Wounded From An Arrow.   [1]
  FamilySearch ID	L8T2-WWR
  Group	KING
  	Designated Royal King
  TitleOfNobility	[2]
  	Duke of Normandy, Aquitaine and Gascony
  TitleOfNobility	[2]
  	Royal House - Plantagenet–Angevin
  Name	Coeur de lion  [2]
  Name	Richard Angevin  [2]
  Name	Richard I  [2]
  Name	Richard the Lionheart  [2]
  Name	The Lionhearted
  _UID	DDA393DEB0404A2694703493E0D7F126EABB
  Death	6 Apr 1199	Killed By Arrow In Battle, Chalus, Limousin, France   [1]
  Burial	Fontevrault Abbey, Fontevrault, Maine-Et-Loire, France   [1, 2]
  Person ID	I4286	Carney Wehofer 2024 Genealogy
  Last Modified	22 Sep 2024

  
  

  Father	King Henry PLANTAGENET, II,   b. 5 Mar 1133, Le Mans, Sarthe, Pays de la Loire, France d. 6 Jul 1189, Chinon Castle, Chinon, Indre-Et-Lr, France (Age 56 years)
  Mother	Queen Eleanor De AQUITAINE,   b. Abt 1122, Rives-D'autise, Vendée, Pays De La Loire, France d. 31 Mar 1204, Tarn-et-Garonne, Midi-Pyrénées, France (Age ~ 82 years)
  Marriage	18 May 1152	Bordeaux Cathedral, Bordeaux, France   [1, 3, 4]
  	They may have been married on the 11th of May.
  Family ID	F6983	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

  Family 1	Queen Consort Berengaria Of NAVARRE,   b. 1165   d. 1230, Le Mans, France (Age 65 years)
  Marriage	1191	Lemesós (Limassol), Cyprus
  Family ID	F2142	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	29 Aug 2016

  
  

  Children	1. Philip OF COGNAC,   b. 1185, England d. 1211 (Age 26 years)
  Family ID	F536731884	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	22 Sep 2024

  
  

• Notes

  Richard I, called Coeur de Lion or Lion-Hearted (1157-1199), king of England (1189-1199), third son of King Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, born in Oxford. When he was an infant, Richard was betrothed to a daughter of the French king Louis VII, and in 1172 he was given the duchy of Aquitaine in France, his mother's inheritance. His early years were spent in warring against his father to protect his own interests; he emerged a brilliant soldier. In 1189 he became king of England and shortly thereafter set out on the Third Crusade. He was accompanied by the young Philip II, king of France, son of Louis VII. The Crusade proved a failure almost from the start, mainly because of the lack of harmony between the two kings. In Sicily Richard quarreled with Philip and refused to marry Philip's sister as planned. Instead he married Berengaria of Navarre on Cyprus, which he conquered in 1191. After capturing Acre (now 'Akko) from the Saracens that same year, Richard executed 2700 Muslim prisoners of war. It was Richard's personal valor in the Holy Land, however, rather than his ruthlessness, that made his name famous in legend. Conflict over policy in the Holy Land resulted in a break between the two, and Philip returned to France alone. Richard spent months in indecisive contests against Saladin, sultan of Egypt and Syria, before making a truce by which Jerusalem was left in Saladin's hands. Captured en route to England by Leopold V, duke of Austria, Richard was handed over to Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI. He was released in 1194 only after paying a heavy ransom. Richard returned to England and there made peace with his brother, John, later king of England, who in his absence had been conspiring with Philip to usurp the English throne. Leaving the government of England to the care of the able administrator Hubert Walter, archbishop of Canterbury, Richard went to France in 1194 to wage war against the French king. Campaigns in defense of his European lands continued for five years. Victor in most of the warfare in which he engaged, Richard was fatally wounded by an arrow during an insignificant skirmish in 1199. As king, Richard had chosen able ministers, to whom he left most matters of administration. Under his rule, however, England suffered heavy taxation, levied to support his expeditions. Sometimes cruel, sometimes magnanimous, and always courageous, Richard was well versed in the knightly accomplishments of his age and was also a poet. He was to become the hero of many legendary tales.

  
  

• Sources

  [S76] John Howard, Duke.ged. [S1160] The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, FamilySearch Family Tree (http://www.familysearch.org), ((http://www.familysearch.org)), accessed 22 Sep 2024), entry for Richard I "The Lionhearted" Of PLANTAGENET, person ID L8T2-WWR. (Reliability: 3). [S231] Brian C. Tompsett, University of Hull: http://www.dcs.hull.ac.uk/publ, FitzEmpress, Henry II Curtmantle, King of England (Reliability: 3). [S10] Mark Willis Ballard 6928 N. Lakewood Avenue 773-743-6663 mwballard52@yahoo.com, GEDCOM File : mwballard.ged.